Histone deacetylase (HDAC) is a kind of protease, which plays an important role in chromosome structural modification and gene expression regulation.
Both HDAC1 and HDAC2 are present in the multi-protein cosuppressor complex SIN3, nuclear small body mass structure HDAC (NURD) and CORE, and they are mediated by transcription factors (e.g., Sp1, Sp3, p53, NF-& Kappa;B and YY1) are recruited to chromatin regulatory regions and have very diverse roles.

Application of HDAC3 in intestinal microorganism

Studies have found that HDAC3 plays an important role as an aggregation epigenetic factor in response to a variety of intestinal microbial signals, revealing the important regulatory and repair roles of intestinal microorganisms, epigenetic factors and microbial metabolites in intestinal epithelium and intestinal diseases.

Application of HDAC6 in neurodegenerative diseases

I) ,In many NDS, the ubiquitin-proteasome system is impaired, leading to the accumulation and aggregation of highly ubiquitinated misfolded proteins.
II), HDAC6 bind to ubiquitinated protein aggregates (IIA) to form a new organelle, aggregates (IIB), where they are eventually cleared by autophagy.
III) AAATPase P97 /VCP can dissociate the complex formed between HDAC6 and polyubiquitinated proteins, which is conducive to protein degradation.
IV), HDAC6 binding to polyubiquitinated proteins initiates the dissociation of HDAC6/ Hsp90 /HSF1 complex, leading to the activation of HSF1 (IVA).This induces the expression of HSP70 and HSP27 (IVB) genes, which are protective against the toxic effects of cellular aggregates.
V), HDAC6 interacts with Tau in AD neurons, and excess Tau inhibits the activities of HDAC6 deacetylase and ubiquitin ligase.

Synergistic effects of HDACI and anti-PD-1 therapy

In the stable state, T cell function is suppressed through a variety of immunosuppressive mechanisms, including PD-1.In addition, tumor cells had low immunogenicity, including minimal expression of MHC and T cell chemokines, or T cell infiltration.In HDACI and anti-PD-1 treatment scenarios, as shown here, multiple mechanisms are released that contribute to tumor eradication.

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